--- name: azure-nat-gateway description: Expert knowledge for Azure NAT Gateway development including troubleshooting, best practices, decision making, architecture & design patterns, limits & quotas, configuration, and deployment. Use when planning SNAT capacity, configuring IPs/flow logs, fixing outbound failures, or choosing Standard vs StandardV2, and other Azure NAT Gateway related development tasks. Not for Azure Firewall (use azure-firewall), Azure Load Balancer (use azure-load-balancer), Azure Virtual Network (use azure-virtual-network), Azure Virtual WAN (use azure-virtual-wan). compatibility: Requires network access. Uses mcp_microsoftdocs:microsoft_docs_fetch or WebFetch to retrieve documentation. user-invocable: false --- # Azure NAT Gateway Skill This skill provides expert guidance for Azure NAT Gateway. Covers troubleshooting, best practices, decision making, architecture & design patterns, limits & quotas, configuration, and deployment. It combines local quick-reference content with remote documentation fetching capabilities. ## How to Use This Skill > **IMPORTANT for Agent**: This file may be large. Use the **Category Index** below to locate relevant sections, then use `read_file` with specific line ranges (e.g., `L136-L144`) to read the sections needed for the user's question This skill requires **network access** to fetch documentation content. Use `mcp_microsoftdocs:microsoft_docs_fetch` to retrieve full articles. - **Fallback**: Use the built-in `WebFetch` tool if the Microsoft Learn MCP server is not available. ## Category Index | Category | Lines | Description | |----------|-------|-------------| | Troubleshooting | L29-L35 | Diagnosing and fixing NAT Gateway issues: reading flow logs, resolving misconfigurations, connectivity failures with Azure services, and outbound internet connection problems. | | Best Practices | L37-L40 | Guidance on reducing SNAT port exhaustion and optimizing outbound connectivity patterns when using Azure NAT Gateway. | | Decision Making | L42-L46 | Guidance on when to use each Azure NAT Gateway SKU (Standard vs StandardV2), feature/cost tradeoffs, and how to plan and execute migration from Standard to StandardV2. | | Architecture & Design Patterns | L48-L55 | Design patterns for placing NAT Gateway in VNets, hub-spoke, with NVAs, and with internal/public load balancers, plus scaling outbound traffic and combining with Azure Firewall. | | Limits & Quotas | L57-L60 | NAT Gateway FAQs plus limits on SNAT ports, IPs, throughput, connections, and other quotas, with guidance on capacity planning and scaling. | | Configuration | L62-L69 | Configuring NAT Gateway (Standard and StandardV2), managing IPs/resources, setting up flow logs, and configuring monitoring, metrics, and alerts for gateway traffic. | | Deployment | L71-L77 | How to deploy and redeploy NAT Gateway (ARM/Bicep), migrate or move outbound traffic from VMs/public IPs, and transition existing outbound access to Azure NAT Gateway. | ### Troubleshooting | Topic | URL | |-------|-----| | Monitor and troubleshoot with NAT Gateway flow logs | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/monitor-nat-gateway-flow-logs | | Troubleshoot Azure NAT Gateway configuration issues | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/troubleshoot-nat | | Fix NAT Gateway connectivity with other Azure services | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/troubleshoot-nat-and-azure-services | | Resolve Azure NAT Gateway outbound connectivity problems | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/troubleshoot-nat-connectivity | ### Best Practices | Topic | URL | |-------|-----| | Optimize SNAT usage with Azure NAT Gateway | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/nat-gateway-snat | ### Decision Making | Topic | URL | |-------|-----| | Migrate Azure NAT Gateway to StandardV2 | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/nat-gateway-v2-migrate | | Choose between Azure NAT Gateway SKUs | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/nat-sku | ### Architecture & Design Patterns | Topic | URL | |-------|-----| | Design virtual networks using Azure NAT Gateway | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/nat-gateway-design | | Scale outbound traffic with NAT Gateway and Azure Firewall | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/tutorial-hub-spoke-nat-firewall | | Integrate NAT Gateway in hub-spoke with NVA | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/tutorial-hub-spoke-route-nat | | Use NAT Gateway with internal load balancer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/tutorial-nat-gateway-load-balancer-internal-portal | | Use NAT Gateway with public load balancer | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/tutorial-nat-gateway-load-balancer-public-portal | ### Limits & Quotas | Topic | URL | |-------|-----| | Azure NAT Gateway FAQ and service limits | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/faq | ### Configuration | Topic | URL | |-------|-----| | Manage Azure NAT Gateway configuration and IPs | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/manage-nat-gateway | | Reference for Azure NAT Gateway monitoring data | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/monitor-nat-gateway-reference | | Enable and use StandardV2 NAT Gateway flow logs | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/nat-gateway-flow-logs | | Configure Azure NAT Gateway resource components | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/nat-gateway-resource | | Configure metrics and alerts for Azure NAT Gateway | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/nat-metrics | ### Deployment | Topic | URL | |-------|-----| | Deploy Standard V2 NAT Gateway with ARM/Bicep | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/quickstart-create-nat-gateway-v2-templates | | Redeploy NAT Gateway after cross-region resource move | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/region-move-nat-gateway | | Move VM public IP outbound traffic to NAT Gateway | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/tutorial-migrate-ilip-nat | | Migrate outbound access to Azure NAT Gateway | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/nat-gateway/tutorial-migrate-outbound-nat |