---
name: ci-citation-and-style
description: Use to format a Critical Inquiry (CI) essay's references and figures to journal standard — Chicago Manual of Style (17th ed.) footnotes numbered consecutively, no works-cited list, with all bibliographical information carried in the notes (and counted toward the word limit), plus images supplied as separate 300 ppi JPEG/TIFF with author-secured permissions. Formats the apparatus; it does not write the argument.
---

# Citation & Style (ci-citation-and-style)

CI's scholarly apparatus is **footnotes, not author-date**. Footnote style **roughly follows The
Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition**; notes are **numbered consecutively** through the manuscript;
there is **no separate list of works cited** — full bibliographical information lives in the notes.
And because the word limit **counts all of that**, the apparatus is part of the writing problem, not
an afterthought. Verify the current edition and wording on the official page.

## When to trigger

- Setting up or cleaning citations before submission
- Converting an author-date draft to Chicago **notes** style
- Preparing the figure list, captions, and credit lines
- Checking that notes are not silently blowing the word budget

## Citation rules (Chicago notes, CI conventions)

- **Footnotes**, numbered **consecutively** throughout the manuscript.
- **No works-cited / bibliography list** — give full bibliographical information in the note at first
  citation, short form thereafter, per **CMOS 17th ed.** (verify; CMOS 18th now exists — 待核实).
- Keep **discursive notes** lean: the cap **includes notes and all bibliographical information**
  (see `ci-writing-style`).
- Use a reference manager with a **Chicago notes** style (Zotero / EndNote / BibLaTeX) and keep it
  consistent.

## Figures & images

- Supply images as **separate files**, **300 ppi**, **JPEG or TIFF** — **not embedded** in the Word
  document.
- Provide a numbered **figure list** with **captions** and full **credit lines**.
- **Secure permissions** for all published images **yourself, before publication**; keep a permissions
  log with rights holder, scope, and cost (see `ci-evidence-and-objects`, `ci-submission`).

## Manuscript format

- **Microsoft Word** file for the manuscript text (the required submission format).
- Consistent, readable formatting; quotations exact; foreign-language and translated material handled
  consistently.
- Keep the manuscript and any image credits in sync with what you can actually clear.

## Anti-patterns

- Author-date or a works-cited list (CI uses consecutive footnotes, no bibliography)
- Footnote essays that quietly consume the word budget
- Embedding low-resolution images in the Word file
- Assuming permissions are the publisher's job — they are the author's
- Mixing citation styles or leaving short/long forms inconsistent


## Citation pass for Critical Inquiry

Treat this skill as an executable review pass, not a prose hint. First lock the object, theoretical stakes, interpretive turn, and permission/citation discipline; then judge whether the current manuscript answers the venue's real reader: humanities reviewers who expect a strong interpretive intervention rather than an empirical-results narrative.

- **Do the pass:** Audit notes, references, permissions, and house style as evidence discipline: every citation should either position, document, or delimit a claim.
- **Return a ledger:** give `claim / evidence / risk / manuscript location` rows, so the next agent can edit rather than rediscover the issue.
- **Sibling guard:** compare against PMLA for literary-field reach, New Literary History for theory/history, Representations for historically grounded cultural analysis; if a sibling owns the contribution, recommend re-routing before polishing format.
- **Stop condition:** do not give submission-ready advice until the pack's `resources/official-source-map.md` has been checked for volatile rules and the manuscript has one concrete fix for the largest venue-specific risk.

## Output format

```
【Notes】Chicago (17th ed.) footnotes, numbered consecutively? [Y/N]
【No works-cited list】full info in notes? [Y/N]
【Notes in budget】counted toward word limit, kept lean? [Y/N]
【Figures】separate 300 ppi JPEG/TIFF + caption + credit line? [Y/N]
【Permissions】secured / logged by author? [Y/N]
【Next】ci-review-process
```

## Supplementary resources

- [`../../resources/external_tools.md`](../../resources/external_tools.md) — reference managers, Chicago-notes tooling, image specs
- [`../../resources/official-source-map.md`](../../resources/official-source-map.md) — CMOS edition, no-works-cited rule, image format/permissions