---
context: fork
name: cro-forms
description: "Optimizes forms for lead generation, signups, and data collection with friction reduction, field optimization, validation UX, and progressive profiling strategies. Use when user asks about form optimization, form fields, lead form, signup form, form completion, progressive profiling, form UX, 폼 최적화, 양식, or 리드 폼."
level: 3
triggers:
  - "form optimization"
  - "form conversion"
  - "CRO form"
  - "form UX"
  - "form design"
agents:
  - "frontend-developer"
  - "tdd-guide"
tokens: "~3K"
category: "marketing"
---

# CRO - Form Optimization

## When This Skill Applies
- Optimizing lead generation and signup forms
- Reducing form field count and friction
- Improving form validation and error handling UX
- Designing progressive profiling strategies
- Analyzing form abandonment and completion rates

## Core Guidance

### 1. Form Optimization Process
```
Audit Current Form -> Analyze Abandonment -> Identify Friction -> Reduce Fields -> Improve UX -> Test Changes -> Validate -> Iterate
```

### 2. Field Count Impact

| Fields | Avg Completion Rate | Recommendation |
|--------|-------------------|---------------|
| 1-3 | 25-30% | Best for top-of-funnel, signups |
| 4-5 | 20-25% | Good for lead gen with qualification |
| 6-7 | 15-20% | Acceptable for high-intent (demo, quote) |
| 8-10 | 10-15% | Only for high-value offers |
| 10+ | <10% | Avoid; use progressive profiling |

**Rule**: Every field removed can increase conversions 5-10%.

### 3. Field Necessity Audit

| Question | If Yes | If No |
|----------|--------|-------|
| Is it needed to fulfill the request? | Keep | Remove |
| Can it be auto-detected? | Auto-fill | Remove field |
| Can it be asked later? | Progressive profile | Remove from form |
| Is it truly needed for qualification? | Keep | Remove |
| Can a smart default work? | Default + optional change | Simplify |

### 4. Field Ordering Best Practices

| Position | Best Fields | Rationale |
|----------|-----------|-----------|
| First | Name, email (easy fields) | Build momentum |
| Middle | Company, role (medium effort) | Committed by now |
| Last | Phone, detailed questions | Foot-in-the-door effect |

**Rules**:
- Easy fields first, hard fields last
- Group related fields together
- Single-column layout (25% faster than multi-column)
- Label above field (vs. beside or inside)

### 5. Input Type Optimization

| Data Type | Best Input | Avoid |
|-----------|-----------|-------|
| Email | `type="email"` with validation | Free text |
| Phone | `type="tel"` with country code | Free text |
| Date | Date picker | Free text |
| Country | Dropdown with search | Long dropdown |
| Industry | Dropdown or radio (<7 options) | Free text |
| Budget | Range slider or radio | Free text |
| Message | Textarea with char count | No guidance |
| Yes/No | Toggle or radio | Dropdown |

### 6. Validation UX

| Practice | Impact | Implementation |
|----------|--------|---------------|
| Inline validation | +22% completion | Validate on field blur |
| Descriptive errors | +15% recovery | "Please enter a valid email" not "Invalid input" |
| Success indicators | +10% completion | Green check on valid field |
| Format hints | +12% reduction in errors | "e.g., john@company.com" |
| Preserve input on error | Critical | Never clear fields on validation failure |
| Scroll to first error | +8% recovery | Auto-scroll with highlight |

### 7. Progressive Profiling

**Concept**: Collect data over multiple interactions instead of all at once.

| Interaction | Data Collected | Form Size |
|------------|---------------|-----------|
| First visit | Email only | 1 field |
| Content download | Name, company | 2 fields |
| Webinar signup | Role, company size | 2 fields |
| Demo request | Phone, timeline, budget | 3 fields |

**Rules**:
- Never ask for data you already have
- Each interaction adds 1-3 fields max
- Higher intent = more fields acceptable
- Always provide clear value exchange for data

### 8. Form Analytics Metrics

| Metric | Formula | Good Benchmark |
|--------|---------|---------------|
| Form View Rate | Form views / Page views | 30-60% |
| Start Rate | Form interactions / Form views | 40-70% |
| Completion Rate | Submissions / Form starts | 60-85% |
| Abandonment Rate | 1 - Completion rate | 15-40% |
| Field Drop-off | Users stopping at field N | Varies |
| Error Rate | Errors / Submissions attempts | <10% |
| Time to Complete | Average seconds | <60s for short forms |

### 9. Form Design Patterns

| Pattern | When to Use | Benefit |
|---------|------------|---------|
| Single-step | <5 fields, simple data | Fast completion |
| Multi-step wizard | 6+ fields, complex data | Lower perceived effort |
| Conversational | B2C, casual brand | Higher engagement |
| Inline (in-content) | Blog CTAs, sidebar | Contextual capture |
| Popup/Modal | Exit intent, delayed trigger | Focused attention |
| Sticky bar | Persistent low-friction | Always available |

## Output Format
```
FORM OPTIMIZATION AUDIT
========================
Form Type:   [lead gen|signup|contact|demo|checkout]
Current Fields: [count]
Completion Rate: [%]
Score:       [/100]

FIELD ANALYSIS
--------------
Field           | Status    | Recommendation
----------------|-----------|----------------
[field name]    | [KEEP|REMOVE|MODIFY] | [rationale]

FRICTION POINTS
---------------
Issue           | Impact    | Fix                    | Est. Lift
----------------|-----------|------------------------|----------
[issue]         | [high/med]| [recommendation]       | +[X]%

OPTIMIZED FORM
--------------
Step [n]: [fields in this step]
  Field: [name] | Type: [input type] | Required: [Y/N]

RECOMMENDATIONS
---------------
Priority | Change             | Est. Lift
---------|-------------------|----------
P1       | [change]          | +[X]%
```

## Quick Reference

**Field Count Rule**: Every field removed = +5-10% conversions
**Field Order**: Easy first, hard last, single column
**Validation**: Inline, descriptive errors, preserve input on failure
**Progressive Profiling**: 1-3 new fields per interaction, match to intent level

---

## References

- See `${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/references/field-optimization-guide.md` for field optimization and completion rate guide
- See `${CLAUDE_SKILL_DIR}/references/validation-ux-patterns.md` for validation UX patterns and error handling