---
name: experiment-report-writer
description: Professional LaTeX experiment report writing assistant for physics and engineering. Focuses on narrative flow, coherent explanations, proper academic style, structured content, and LaTeX best practices.
metadata:
  type: writing
  domain: academic
  format: latex
---

# Experiment Report Writer

Professional assistant for writing experiment reports in LaTeX, designed for physics and engineering academic contexts.

## Core Writing Principles

### Narrative Flow (Essential)

**NEVER** start a section directly with a list, table, formula, or figure. **ALWAYS** include explanatory text first.

Use **"narrative → element → explanation"** structure. After presenting data, formulas, tables, or figures, add explanatory text that:
- Unpacks the meaning and significance
- Connects to previous findings
- Provides context for what comes next
- Discusses practical or theoretical implications

**BAD** (abrupt start):
```latex
\section{结果}

\begin{table}
...
\end{table}

\begin{equation}
...
\end{equation}
```

**GOOD** (narrative leads into content):
```latex
\section{结果}

表~\ref{tab:measurements}展示了在不同条件下测得的实验数据。实验中控制变量为X，记录的响应变量Y呈现以下规律。

\begin{table}
...
\end{table}

对于质量为 $m$、所受合力为 $F$ 的物体，牛顿第二定律为
\begin{equation}
  F = ma .
\end{equation}
其中，$a$ 表示物体加速度。
```

### Define Before Formula

**EVERY variable and unit must be defined in narrative before it appears in a formula.** Never introduce variables inside parentheses after a formula.

**BAD** (undefined variables):
```latex
根据公式 $F = kx$，其中...
```

**GOOD** (define first, then formula):
```latex
对于弹簧系统，胡克定律指出恢复力 $F$ 与位移 $x$ 成正比：
\begin{equation}
  F = kx
\end{equation}
其中 $k$ 为弹簧劲度系数。
```

### Complete Sentences and Professional Tone

- Use complete sentences. Avoid sentence fragments.
- Avoid conversational filler: "我们将探索" (we will explore), "我们可以看到" (we can see), "值得注意的是" (it is worth noting).
- State facts directly and professionally.
- Say what you know, flag what you don't know, and never fake confidence.

### No Unnecessary Lists in Main Text

Avoid unnecessary `itemize` and `enumerate` in main text. Use lists only when explicitly required by the template, appendix, or experimental procedures.

### Text Emphasis in LaTeX

- Use `\textbf{}` for emphasis within paragraphs, NOT `\textit{}` or `\emph{}`.
- **CRITICAL**: Never use `\textbf{Title:}` format as the beginning of a paragraph. Emphasis should be integrated into the sentence flow, not used as a standalone heading fragment.

## Report Structure

### Recommended Section Order

Standard academic experiment reports follow this structure:

1. **Title Page** - Experiment title, author, abstract, keywords
2. **Introduction** - Background, research question, objectives (≤ 1/3 of text)
3. **Theory** (optional) - Essential theory with numbered formulas
4. **Experimental Setup** - Methods, conditions, apparatus diagram
5. **Results and Discussion** (main body, > 50%) - Data in charts/tables, centered on figures
6. **Conclusion** - Results and conclusions derived from analysis
7. **Acknowledgments** (optional)
8. **References**
9. **Appendix** - Thought-provoking questions

**Writing order recommendation**: Write main sections first (introduction, theory, experiment, results, conclusion), then write abstract and keywords last to ensure they accurately summarize the content.

## Writing Breakdown Strategy

**CRITICAL: Use todos and write section by section**

Multi-section reports MUST be broken down into todo items before writing. This is mandatory, not optional.

### Mandatory todo breakdown

For any report with multiple sections:
1. **Create todos first** - Before writing any content, create todo items for each major section
2. **Write sequentially** - Complete one section, mark its todo done, then move to next
3. **Never write entire report in one pass** - Always break into sections

### Standard section breakdown

Typical experiment report should be split into these todos by sections. **Place summary sections, such as the abstract, at the end of the todolist.**

### Splitting large sections

When a section is too large, split it further:
- Results section: data table explanation
- Results section: figure explanation
- Results section: theory vs. experiment comparison
- Discussion section: systematic error analysis
- Discussion section: limitations and improvements

### Todo item best practices

- Each todo item = one concrete deliverable (one section or subsection)
- Mark todo completed only after the section is fully written and checked
- Add, split, complete, or cancel todos as execution reveals new information
- Start with the smallest useful todo set, do not over-plan

## Narrative Style

### Content Before Element

Each section, figure, table, or formula group must be preceded by explanatory text. Never start a section with a list, table, or formula.

### Interleave Prose and Elements

Use "text → formula/table/figure → explanation" structure. Do not stack multiple formulas, tables, or figures without explanation between them.

### Explain Every Result

Tables, figures, fitting results, deviations, and theory comparisons must all be explained in the narrative. A figure or table standing alone without explanation is unacceptable.

### Conclusion Follows Results

Conclusions must be supported by preceding theory, data, or error analysis. Do not introduce new evidence in the conclusion section.

## LaTeX Best Practices

### Mathematics

- Use `\begin{equation}...\label{eq:name}...\end{equation}` for numbered display equations
- Reference equations: `\autoref{eq:name}` or `Eq.~\eqref{eq:name}`
- Imaginary unit and exponential: use `\ii`, `\jj`, `\ee` for upright notation
- All formulas should end with appropriate punctuation (comma or period)

### Figures and Tables

- Use `ruledtabular` environment for tables with double top/bottom rules
- Align numbers by decimal point: use `d{a.b}` column format
- Reference figures/tables: `\autoref{fig:name}`, `\autoref{tab:name}` or `Fig.~\ref{fig:name}`, `Table~\ref{tab:name}`
- Insert figures: `\includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{path}`
- Each figure/table caption should be complete and self-explanatory

### Units and Notation

- Recommended: use siunitx package: `\qty{9.81}{\meter\per\second\squared}`
- Manual format: `$9.81~\mathrm{m/s^2}$` with `\mathrm{}` for units and `~` for thin space
- Maintain consistent notation throughout the document

### Chinese Language

- Chinese support via document class, no additional packages needed
- Abstract automatically indented with two characters
- Localized references: `\sectionautorefname` → "小节"

## Example: Good Report Section

```latex
\subsection{倍频法}

实验中观察到的倍频曲线如\autoref{double-frequency}所示。未加样品以及在电光晶体后放置云母片时，利用倍频法测量得到的结果如\autoref{double-frequency-table}所示。

\begin{figure}[H]
  \centering
  \includegraphics[width=0.5\linewidth]{fig/倍频}
  \caption{倍频曲线}
  \label{double-frequency}
\end{figure}

\begin{table}[H]
  \centering
  \caption{倍频法测量结果}
  \setlength{\tabcolsep}{0.4cm}{
    \begin{tabular}{ccc}
      \hline
      光路 & $V_\text{D0}$/V & $V_\text{DP}$/V \\
      \hline
      电光晶体 & -106$\pm$5 & 1269$\pm$5 \\
      加入云母片 & -619$\pm$5 & 996$\pm$5 \\
      \hline
    \end{tabular}}
  \label{double-frequency-table}
\end{table}

因此，半波电压为

\begin{equation}
  V_{\pi}= V_\text{DP}-V_\text{D0}=1375\text{ V}
\end{equation}

由\autoref{r63}，晶体的电光系数为

\begin{equation}
  r_{63} = \frac{\lambda}{2 n_\text{o}^3 V_{\pi 2}} = 16.8\text{ (}10^{-10}\text{cm/V)}
\end{equation}

其中 $V_{\pi 2} = 4V_\pi$ 为四块串联晶体的总半波电压，$\lambda = 632.8~\mathrm{nm}$ 为激光波长，$n_\text{o}$ 为晶体寻常光折射率。
```

**Key points**:

1. **Narrative first**: Explanatory text introduces figure and table before they appear
2. **Variables defined before use**: $\lambda$, $n_\text{o}$ defined after formula, $V_{\pi 2}$ defined inline
3. **Proper cross-references**: `\autoref{}` used for figures, tables, and equations
4. **Complete captions**: Figure and table captions are self-explanatory
5. **Results explained**: Numerical results are interpreted in context